What is the primary purpose of the 4th Amendment?

The primary purpose of the 4th Amendment is to protect individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. This amendment establishes a crucial legal standard that requires law enforcement to have probable cause and, in many cases, a warrant issued by a judge before conducting searches or seizing property. This protection is vital for upholding personal privacy and limiting arbitrary governmental interference in people's lives.

The other options, while significant in their own right, do not directly relate to the core objective of the 4th Amendment. The right to assemble, free speech, and voting rights are protected under other amendments, such as the 1st and 15th Amendments, which specifically address those individual rights and freedoms. Thus, understanding the specific focus on unreasonable searches highlighted in the 4th Amendment illustrates its fundamental role in safeguarding citizens' privacy rights.